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' J. M. BUISSON.

WIRE DRAWIING APPARATUS. No. 548,465. Patented July 30, 1895.

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JEAN MARIE BUISSON, or 'LYoNs, FRANCE.

WIRE-DRAWING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters PatentNo. 543,465, dated July 30,1895.

Application filed January 10. 1898. Serial No. 457,915. (No model.) Patented in England eptember 20, 1890, No. 14,898; in Belgium September 22, 1890, No. 92,060 in Austria-Hungary August 1'7, 1891, No. 11,896, and in France March 18, 1892.

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, J EAN MARIE BUIssoN, a citizen of the Republic of France, residing at Lyons, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Wire-Drawing Apparatus, (for which I have obtained patents in England, No. 14,898, dated September 20,

1890; in Belgium, No. 92,060, dated September 22, 1890; in Austria-Hungary, No. 11,896, dated August 17, 1891, and in France, No. 212,182,-

dated March 18, 1892,) of which the following is aspecification.

This machine is composed, essentially, of a series of draw-plates placed one after the other and pierced with holes which become smaller and smaller. The metallic wire whichis intended to be drawn passes successively and without interruption through all these drawplates from the head of the machine and is only'rolled up on one vertical or horizontal drum or roller at the other end of the machine.

' of speed is obtained in these machines by the different degrees of pressure exercised on the belts or cords driving the shafts of the cooling-pulleys. This pressure can be regulated automatically by the tension of the wire that is being Worked or by hand.

In the first case it is only possible to render this regulating action efficacious and practical if the operation'of the various parts of the machine performing such regulating action be uniform and free from any concussion. It is therefore necessary that the action of the Wire upon this regulating or controlling device shall be as direct as possible, so as to be instantaneous; that, furthermore, the mech- .anism exercising pressure upon thestraps or cords shall be assimple as possible, and that its intermediate parts, it any,be flexible, (consisting, say, of cords, chains, springs, leather straps, &c.,) so as to avoid shocks. and 4. illustrate two arrangements fulfilling these conditions. I In the cases both of automatic or hand regulation an increase of pressure on the belts produces an increase of speed and a diminution of. pressure a slackening'in the speed or even a complete stoppage of the corresponding pulleys. V The accompanying drawings will make the working of these machines clearly understood. Fig. 1 is an elevation of the machine; Fig. 2, a plan, and Fig. 3 a transverse section on the line Y Y. Fig. 4 is a similar section showinga modification of the regulating or controlling devices, and Figs. 5, 6, and 7 are modifications with the automatic regulators omitted.

A horizontal driving-shaft X X, Fig. 1, carries pulleys a a a and so on, driving by belts or endless cords other pulleys b' 1) b fixed on short horizontal shafts carrying the, conical double-flanged cooling-pulleys g 9 As the speed at the circumference of these pulleys ought to increase in proportion as the size of the wire diminishes the driving-pulleys a a a increase, and the driven-pulleys b 19 b3 decrease, in diameter from the head to the tail of the machine for the purpose of obtaining for the cooling-pulleys g g 9 degrees of speed augmenting approximately as the speed of wire and in order to reduce the work of the regulators to a minimum. The wire W W W W Fig. 2, to be drawn, which is carried ona drum A, passes round a guide-pulley P tothe draw-plate f, then to the conical cooling-pol ley g'and a regulating friction-rol1erp,t0 pass from there in the same order through successive series of similar devices P f g 12 and so on. At the other end of the machine the drawn wire is rolled round a-drum or roller B, which receives its movement from a pulley hon the driving-shaft X X. f

I will now describe the play of the regulator, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4. Fig. 3 is a cross-section of Figs. 1 and 2 online Y Y. Fig. 4 is a similar section showing a modification of the regulating or controlling devices. It will be noticed that the corresponding parts Figures3 ICO ' part and fixed on a suitable lever L, changes spring, due.

its position to p', (being drawn over by the tightened wire,) so that the lever L comes into the dotted position L and M into the dotted position M pressing thus more strongly on the belt or cord driving the pulleys b and g.' As the cooling-pulley g increases in speed, the'tension at W W instantaneously diminishes. The reverse efiectis produced when the part WV W is too slack. A spring r bringing the lever L M back again, the speed of the pulley g diminishes and the tension of W W is brought back to its normal value. In Fig. 3 the lever L, instead of pressing upon the strap direct, acts by its oscillations upon a second lever Z", to which it is connected by a flexible link, such as a cord, a chain, a leather strap, a Should the Wire lie-submitted to an excessive strain at W W, L will pass on to L and Zto 1', thereby producing the required pressure upon the strap or band. A spring 1" carries the levers L and Z back in the opposite direction, if it be found that the tension of the spring at W W is insufficient. It will, therefore, be seen that the mode of operation .is identical in both the arrangements, Figs. 3 and 4. Either of them insures an instantaneous and smooth action of the wire upon the speed-regulator, thus fulfilling the requirements indicated above, and rendering the control of speed efiective and valuable in practice.

Each of the regulating systems '19 L p L p L &c., operates in the same manner, and a uniform tension is obtained constantly in the whole length of the wire, thus, almost completely avoiding the breakage of the wire which is under operation.

\Vhen the wire is very regular, and especially in case of fine wire, the oscillations of the regulating-levers become almost nominal, and regulating by hand can be substituted for the automatic regulators, which are operated when the machine is set in motion in the same mannerthat is to say, in bringing the pressure on the belts or cords to the required degree, for example-by the management of a simple screw-nut operating on a lever which presses on the belts. In this case the regulating friction-rollers 10' p p are suppressed 3121a replaced by simple guide-pulleys, as P P P When no automatic regulation is required, the arrangement of the machine can be modified, as shown in Figs. 5, 6, and 7. In this case the guide-rollers P P P and regulating friction-rollers p 19 19 are'not required. The horizontal shafts carrying the coolingpulleys g g g are all placed so as to make, with the direction of the driving-shaftX X, an angle of less than ninety degrees. Hand-regulators actihg in this case on half-crossed belts may be placed on this machine according to the same principle as on the machine shown by Figs. 1 to 4.

1. In a machine for drawingwire, the combination with'the series of draw-plates and the series of cooling pulleys alternatingwith said draw plates, of a common drive shaft, belts and pulleys forming connecting gearing directly between the shaft and cooling pulleys, independent belt tighteners controlled by the wire passing between the cooling pul: leys and draw plates, and cooperating with the said belts to controlthe speed of the pulleys, whereby the speed may be varied instantaneously from zero to the maximum, ahd vice versa, substantially as described.

2. In a machine for drawing wire, the combination with the series of draw plates and alternating cooling pulleys, of a common drive shaft, belts and pulleys forming connecting gearing directly between the drive shaft and each cooling pulley and a belt tightener moved by variations in the tension of the wire adjacent each pulley, whereby the speed of said pulleys may be varied instantaneously from minimum to maximum, and vice versa and the tension throughout the machine maintained; substantially as described.

3. In a machine for drawing wire, the combination with the series of draw plates, and alternating cooling pulleys around which the wire passes from the draw plates, of a common drive shaft belting directly uniting the drive shaft and cooling pulleys, independent belt tighteners, belts and pulleys forming connecting gearing one for each pulley for varying instantaneously the speed of the correspond ing pulley from zero to the maximum or vice versa, and an operating lever for each of said tighteners having a pulley thereon around which the wire from the cooling pulley controlled thereby passes, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereto set my hand in the presence of the two subscribing JEAN MARIE BUISSON.

' witnesses.

NVitnesses:

COUNILLE BIETRIX, GEo. D. FAIRFIELD.

'IIO 

